Installation Guide for Mage-OS

• Introduction
• Prerequisites
• Step 1: Download Mage-OS
  • Option: Install Magento with a Mage-OS Mirror
  • Option: Add Magento Marketplace support
• Step 2: Installation
  • Some additional steps
• Step 3: Enable the Magento 2 Cron Job
• Conclusion
• Option: Local Development with Warden

Introduction

This installation guide provides step-by-step instructions for installing Mage-OS on your server. The guide assumes you have a basic understanding of programming concepts, specifically PHP and Magento 2. By following these instructions, you will be able to successfully install Mage-OS and start building your online store.

Prerequisites

Before installation, ensure your server fulfills the following requirements:

• PHP: 8.2 or 8.1
• Database: MySQL 8.0 or MariaDB 10.6
• Search Engine: Elasticsearch 8.7 or OpenSearch 2.5
• Web Server: Apache 2.4 or nginx 1.24
• Composer 2.5

Recommended (Optional):

• RabbitMQ 3.11
• Redis 7.0
• Varnish 7.3

For AWS users, consider using AWS ElastiCache and other services for compatibility.

Step 1: Download Mage-OS

The first step in the installation process is to download the Mage-OS package. You can use Composer to install it.

To download Mage-OS using Composer, open your command line interface and navigate to your project directory. Then, run the following command:

composer create-project --repository-url=https://repo.mage-os.org/ mage-os/project-community-edition .

This command will download the latest version of Mage-OS and all its dependencies.

Option: Install Magento with a Mage-OS Mirror

If you would prefer to use Magento instead of Mage-OS, you can do that by using this command instead:

composer create-project --repository-url=https://mirror.mage-os.org/ magento/project-community-edition

There are numerous mirror providers. You can see the full list and pick from others at https://mage-os.org/distribution/#magento-mirrors.

Option: Add Magento Marketplace support

If you install Mage-OS, or Magento 2 using a Magento mirror, you will not have automatic access to Magento / Adobe Commerce Marketplace. To install extensions from Marketplace, you need to configure repo.magento.com as a composer repository. This will let you install any of the modules you may have purchased from the Magento Marketplace.

It is also recommended that you either make use of Composer's repository prioritisation or repository filtering features (or both) to allow both the Mage-OS (or mirror) and Marketplace repositories to coexist in your project.

An example Composer repository configuration, adding repo.magento.com for vendorC and vendorE packages only:

"repositories": {
    "mage-os": {
        "type": "composer",
        "url": "https://repo.mage-os.org/"
    },
    "magento-marketplace": {
        "type": "composer",
        "url": "https://repo.magento.com",
        "only": [
            "vendorC/module-d",
            "vendorE/*"
        ]
    },
},

Step 2: Installation

Post Composer package installation, your directory should resemble:

YourWorkingDirectory
|- CHANGELOG.md
|- LICENSE.txt
|- app/
|- composer.json
|- generated/
|- nginx.conf.sample
|- pub/
|- vendor/
|- COPYING.txt
|- LICENSE_AFL.txt
|- auth.json.sample
|- composer.lock
|- grunt-config.json.sample
|- package.json.sample
|- setup/
|- Gruntfile.js.sample
|- SECURITY.md
|- bin/
|  |- magento
|- dev/
|- lib/
|- phpserver/
|- var/

You can now install Magento's Database and set up the connected services, like Elasticsearch/OpenSearch or Redis. Although Magento doesn't require Redis, it is highly recommended to use it up front for your Session and Config Cache Storage. To install Magento, we can use Magento's built-in Command-Line-Tool bin/magento.

The following command installs the Magento Database, configures Elasticsearch as the Search Engine, RabbitMQ for async processes, and uses Redis to store sessions, config cache, and the full page cache in separate internal databases. All configuration can be adjusted later. Run bin/magento setup:install --help to see the full list of available parameters.

Please create a database in MySQL or MariaDB to contain your new Mage-OS or Magento installation.

bin/magento setup:install \
    --amqp-host=RABBIT_MQ_HOST \
    --amqp-port=RABBIT_MQ_PORT \
    --amqp-user=RABBIT_MQ_USER \
    --amqp-password=RABBIT_MQ_PASSWORD \
    --db-host=DATABASE_HOST \
    --db-name=DATABASE_NAME \
    --db-user=DATABASE_USER \
    --db-password=DATABASE_PASSWORD \
    --search-engine=opensearch \
    --opensearch-host=OPENSEARCH_HOST \
    --opensearch-port=OPENSEARCH_PORT \
    --opensearch-index-prefix=OPENSEARCH_INDEX_PREFIX \
    --opensearch-timeout=15 \
    --session-save=redis \
    --session-save-redis-host=REDIS_HOST \
    --session-save-redis-port=REDIS_PORT \
    --session-save-redis-db=0 \
    --session-save-redis-max-concurrency=20 \
    --cache-backend=redis \
    --cache-backend-redis-server=REDIS_HOST \
    --cache-backend-redis-db=1 \
    --cache-backend-redis-port=REDIS_PORT \
    --page-cache=redis \
    --page-cache-redis-server=REDIS_HOST \
    --page-cache-redis-db=2 \
    --page-cache-redis-port=REDIS_PORT

Some additional steps

After the installation completes, set your site URL:

bin/magento config:set web/unsecure/base_url "https://www.example.com"
bin/magento config:set web/secure/base_url "https://www.example.com"
 
bin/magento config:set web/secure/use_in_frontend 1
bin/magento config:set web/secure/use_in_adminhtml 1

Enable URL rewrites:

bin/magento config:set web/seo/use_rewrites 1

Reindex all indexers and flush the cache:

bin/magento indexer:reindex
bin/magento cache:flush

Step 3: Enable the Magento 2 Cron Job

Mage-OS relies on a cron job to perform scheduled tasks, such as indexing, cache flushing, and sending email notifications. To enable the Mage-OS cron job, you need to add a cron job entry to your server.

Open your command line interface and run the following command:

bin/magento cron:install

Verify the command's success with:

crontab -l

You should see output like:

#~ MAGENTO START 69dd2b02e1f3a65918182048ea4e29979a849d8942e8f53ed20a4bf10e529b36
* * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/bin/magento cron:run 2>&1 | grep -v "Ran jobs by schedule" >> /var/www/html/var/log/magento.cron.log
#~ MAGENTO END 69dd2b02e1f3a65918182048ea4e29979a849d8942e8f53ed20a4bf10e529b36

Conclusion

Congratulations! You have successfully installed Mage-OS on your server. You can now start building your online store and customizing it to fit your needs. The setup:install command from Step 2 should have given you an admin URL. Open that and enter the admin username and password you set to log in and start using your new site.

If you have any trouble installing Mage-OS, please reach out in the #help channel on http://chat.mage-os.org.

Option: Local Development with Warden

If you're working on MacOS or Linux and want to install Magento locally, we highly recommend the docker-based dev environment warden. Follow the steps below after you installed warden.

After you run through the steps below, you will have fully configured Magento 2 running locally with Redis, OpenSearch, RabbitMQ, MariaDB, SSL, PHP, Xdebug, and Varnish.

Note The steps below are provided by the official warden documentation.

Create a new environment

warden env-init YOUR_PROJECTNAME magento2

Sign an SSL certificate for use with the project

warden sign-certificate YOUR_PROJECTNAME.test

Spin up the environment

warden env up

Access your shell

warden shell

Ensure pub/static is available

mkdir -p pub/static

Install the Application

bin/magento setup:install \
     --backend-frontname=backend \
     --amqp-host=rabbitmq \
     --amqp-port=5672 \
     --amqp-user=guest \
     --amqp-password=guest \
     --db-host=db \
     --db-name=magento \
     --db-user=magento \
     --db-password=magento \
     --search-engine=opensearch \
     --opensearch-host=opensearch \
     --opensearch-port=9200 \
     --opensearch-index-prefix=magento2 \
     --opensearch-enable-auth=0 \
     --opensearch-timeout=15 \
     --http-cache-hosts=varnish:80 \
     --session-save=redis \
     --session-save-redis-host=redis \
     --session-save-redis-port=6379 \
     --session-save-redis-db=2 \
     --session-save-redis-max-concurrency=20 \
     --cache-backend=redis \
     --cache-backend-redis-server=redis \
     --cache-backend-redis-db=0 \
     --cache-backend-redis-port=6379 \
     --page-cache=redis \
     --page-cache-redis-server=redis \
     --page-cache-redis-db=1 \
     --page-cache-redis-port=6379

Configure the Application

bin/magento config:set --lock-env web/unsecure/base_url "https://${TRAEFIK_SUBDOMAIN}.${TRAEFIK_DOMAIN}/"
bin/magento config:set --lock-env web/secure/base_url "https://${TRAEFIK_SUBDOMAIN}.${TRAEFIK_DOMAIN}/"
bin/magento config:set --lock-env web/secure/offloader_header X-Forwarded-Proto
bin/magento config:set --lock-env web/secure/use_in_frontend 1
bin/magento config:set --lock-env web/secure/use_in_adminhtml 1
bin/magento config:set --lock-env web/seo/use_rewrites 1
bin/magento config:set --lock-env system/full_page_cache/caching_application 2
bin/magento config:set --lock-env system/full_page_cache/ttl 604800
bin/magento config:set --lock-env catalog/search/enable_eav_indexer 1
bin/magento config:set --lock-env dev/static/sign 0
bin/magento deploy:mode:set -s developer
bin/magento cache:disable block_html full_page
bin/magento indexer:reindex
bin/magento cache:flush
bin/magento cache:enable

Set up an admin user incl. 2FA

Magento requires admin users to use 2FA. Although the use of 2FA is highly recommended on production sites, developers often find it tedious to set it up locally. Mark Shust created a widely used Magento Extension to disable 2FA locally.

Warning Don't disable 2FA in internet-facing installations. Your system's protection will suffer otherwise.

ADMIN_PASS="$(pwgen -n1 16)"
ADMIN_USER=localadmin
 
bin/magento admin:user:create \
    --admin-password="${ADMIN_PASS}" \
    --admin-user="${ADMIN_USER}" \
    --admin-firstname="Local" \
    --admin-lastname="Admin" \
    --admin-email="${ADMIN_USER}@example.com"
printf "u: %s\np: %s\n" "${ADMIN_USER}" "${ADMIN_PASS}"
 
## Configure 2FA provider
OTPAUTH_QRI=
# Python 2: TFA_SECRET=$(python -c "import base64; print base64.b32encode('$(pwgen -A1 128)')" | sed 's/=*$//')
# Python 3:
TFA_SECRET=$(python3 -c "import base64; print(base64.b32encode(bytearray('$(pwgen -A1 128)', 'ascii')).decode('utf-8'))" | sed 's/=*$//')
OTPAUTH_URL=$(printf "otpauth://totp/%s%%3Alocaladmin%%40example.com?issuer=%s&secret=%s" \
    "${TRAEFIK_SUBDOMAIN}.${TRAEFIK_DOMAIN}" "${TRAEFIK_SUBDOMAIN}.${TRAEFIK_DOMAIN}" "${TFA_SECRET}"
)
 
bin/magento config:set --lock-env twofactorauth/general/force_providers google
bin/magento security:tfa:google:set-secret "${ADMIN_USER}" "${TFA_SECRET}"
 
printf "%s\n\n" "${OTPAUTH_URL}"
printf "2FA Authenticator Codes:\n%s\n" "$(oathtool -s 30 -w 10 --totp --base32 "${TFA_SECRET}")"
 
segno "${OTPAUTH_URL}" -s 4 -o "pub/media/${ADMIN_USER}-totp-qr.png"
printf "%s\n\n" "https://${TRAEFIK_SUBDOMAIN}.${TRAEFIK_DOMAIN}/media/${ADMIN_USER}-totp-qr.png?t=$(date +%s)"

Set up an admin user without 2FA

ADMIN_PASS="$(pwgen -n1 16)"
ADMIN_USER=localadmin
 
bin/magento admin:user:create \
    --admin-password="${ADMIN_PASS}" \
    --admin-user="${ADMIN_USER}" \
    --admin-firstname="Local" \
    --admin-lastname="Admin" \
    --admin-email="${ADMIN_USER}@example.com"
printf "u: %s\np: %s\n" "${ADMIN_USER}" "${ADMIN_PASS}"

You should now be able to access your site under https://app.YOUR_PROJECTNAME.test/.